General Potion Brewing Info
Corrupted Potions
Some potions are made by adding a Fermented Spider Eye to a base potion, which generally corrupts the potion, reversing its effects. For example, a Potion of Harming is a corrupted version of a Potion of Healing. Generally, corrupted potions have negative effects, but there are some exceptions; for example, a Potion of Invisibility is a corrupted version of a Potion of Night Vision, and both have positive effects. Corrupted potions can be enhanced or extended, both before and after they have been corrupted. They can also be turned into Splash or Lingering potions.
Enhanced Potions
Enhancing a potion increases the potency of its effects, generally by 100%. For example, a Potion of Healing heals 4 hearts, while an Enhanced Potion of Healing heals 8 hearts. Not all potions can be enhanced; for example, a Potion of Invisibility cannot be enhanced, because you can't be any more invisible than invisible! Additionally, some potions have a different scalar increase when enhanced; for example, a Potion of Slowness slows the player by 15%, but an Enhanced Potion of Slowness slows them by 60%. All enhanced Potions are brewed by adding Glowstone Dust to a base potion. Enhanced Potions can not be extended, and are generally around 50% the length of a normal potion.
Extended Potions
Extending a potion increases the duration of its effects, generally by ~100%. For example, a Potion of Night Vision lasts 3 minutes, while an Extended Potion of Night Vision lasts 8 minutes. Not all potions can be extended; for example, a Potion of Healing cannot be extended, because it has an instant effect. All extended Potions are brewed by adding Redstone Dust to a base potion. Extended Potions cannot be enhanced.
Splash Potions
Splash Potions are potions that can be thrown, affecting an area rather than a single player. Keep in mind that the further away you are from the splash point, the less length you will get. Splash potions can be crafted by adding Gunpowder to a base potion.
Lingering Potions
Lingering Potions are potions that create a cloud of potion effect at the splash point, which lasts for a short duration. Players who enter the cloud will receive the potion effect. Lingering potions can be crafted by adding Dragon's Breath to a Splash Potion. Lingering potions shrink over time, and entities within the cloud cause it to shrink faster.
Cures
Cures are special potions that remove negative effects when consumed. They only exist in Education Edition (or Bedrock Edition with Education features enabled), and cannot be obtained in the standard game. There are four cures:
Cures can only be consumed when the player has the corresponding negative effect. Even though they don't look like a glass bottle, you still get an empty glass bottle after consumption, just like all other potions. They cannot be enhanced, extended, or corrupted. They also cannot be made into Splash or Lingering potions.